PART I Briefly (not more than one paragraph) identify and state the significance of ANY FIVE of the following. (4 points each.)

Frederick Jackson Turner

metropolitan men's clubs

Andrew Carnegie

Haymarket Affair

Social Darwinism

"Free Silver"

"Jim Crow"

PART II Write complete essays, well supported with facts and examples, on ANY TWO of the following. You may agree or disagree with any statement you are asked to discuss. (40 points each.)

1. "Incidents such as that which occurred at Sand Creek in 1864 may have been excessive; but it was necessary to remove the Indians if progress was to be allowed to continue its westward march, and a little blood is a small price to pay for all the gains that flowed from the winning of the West."

Comment on this statement in an essay that discusses the major events of the white conquest of the Plains Indians between about 1860 and 1890 and addresses the possible alternatives to the virtual eradication of the native peoples of the region.

2. "... for nobody rose in Packingtown by doing good work. You could lay that down for a rule--if you met a man who was rising in Packingtown, you met a knave. That man who had been sent to Jurgis's father by the boss, he would rise; the man who told tales and spied upon his fellows would rise; but the man who minded his own business and did his work--why, they would 'speed him up' till they had worn him out, and then they would throw him into the gutter."

What does this statement by Upton Sinclair say about the efficacy of the work ethic and traditional values under the conditions of early twentieth-century Chicago? Based on your readings in the text (and anywhere else), do you think the picture Sinclair paints is accurate? Explain why or why not.

3. "The parties of the post-Reconstruction era (ca. 1876-1892) were based on patronage, not principle; they divided over spoils, not issues."

Write an essay discussing politics during this era. What were issues that should have been addressed? What sorts of things were talked about instead? Why were real issues ignored? Include in your essay specific discussion of AT LEAST TWO of the presidential elections in this period.